![]() ![]() ![]() Grosz, who also had changed his name by then, had a profound impact on the direction of Heartfield’s art. In response to the rampant German nationalism, which engendered extreme anti-British sentiments, in 1916 Helmut Herzfeld Anglicized his name to John Heartfield, a new persona that he inhabited fully through his artistic and political expression. That year the brothers met German caricaturist and social critic George Grosz, who, at the time, was still called Georg Gross. The brothers were reunited when Herzfelde returned to Berlin in 1915. Heartfield managed to avoid active service by feigning mental illness. When in 1914 war broke out, the brothers were both drafted, Herzfelde to the front lines. Before the outbreak of World War I, Heartfield moved to Berlin with his brother, Wieland Herzfelde (who added an e to his surname in 1914), and the pair quickly connected with the avant-garde writers and artists there. Soon after completing his studies, about 1912, he found his first job as a graphic designer for a paper-packaging company in Mannheim, though that position lasted for less than a year. Heartfield studied graphic design at the Royal School of Arts and Crafts in Munich, specializing in poster and advertising art. Information about who cared for them at that point is ambiguous. About 1899, when they were forced to seek refuge outside Switzerland, his parents abandoned him and his siblings. The Herzfeld family fled Berlin, first moving to Switzerland. The child of politically active socialist parents, Heartfield (who retained the name Herzfeld until 1916) witnessed the political persecution of his father, writer Franz Herzfeld (who wrote under the pen name Franz Held). John Heartfield, original name in full Helmut Franz Josef Herzfeld, (born June 19, 1891, Berlin, Germany-died April 26, 1968, East Berlin, East Germany), German artist best known for his agitprop photomontages-collages of text and imagery found in mass-produced media-and his role in the development of the Dada movement in Berlin. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! ![]()
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